提供基本前后端骨架

app/schemas/user.py

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+"""
+用户相关 Schema
+
+定义用户数据的验证和序列化规则。
+"""
+
+import re
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from pydantic import EmailStr, Field, field_validator
+
+from app.core.config import settings
+from app.schemas.base import BaseSchema
+
+
+# 用户名正则：字母开头，只允许字母、数字、下划线
+USERNAME_PATTERN = re.compile(r"^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*$")
+
+
+class UserBase(BaseSchema):
+    """用户基础字段"""
+
+    username: Annotated[
+        str,
+        Field(
+            min_length=settings.username_min_length,
+            max_length=settings.username_max_length,
+            description="用户名（字母开头，只允许字母、数字、下划线）",
+            examples=["john_doe"],
+        ),
+    ]
+    email: Annotated[
+        EmailStr | None,
+        Field(
+            default=None,
+            description="邮箱地址",
+            examples=["user@example.com"],
+        ),
+    ]
+    nickname: Annotated[
+        str | None,
+        Field(
+            default=None,
+            max_length=64,
+            description="昵称",
+            examples=["John"],
+        ),
+    ]
+
+    @field_validator("username")
+    @classmethod
+    def validate_username(cls, v: str) -> str:
+        """验证用户名格式"""
+        if not USERNAME_PATTERN.match(v):
+            raise ValueError("用户名必须以字母开头，只能包含字母、数字和下划线")
+        return v.lower()  # 统一转小写
+
+
+class UserCreate(UserBase):
+    """用户注册请求"""
+
+    password: Annotated[
+        str,
+        Field(
+            min_length=settings.password_min_length,
+            max_length=settings.password_max_length,
+            description="密码",
+            examples=["SecurePass123"],
+        ),
+    ]
+
+    @field_validator("password")
+    @classmethod
+    def validate_password(cls, v: str) -> str:
+        """验证密码强度"""
+        errors: list[str] = []
+
+        if settings.password_require_uppercase and not re.search(r"[A-Z]", v):
+            errors.append("至少包含一个大写字母")
+
+        if settings.password_require_lowercase and not re.search(r"[a-z]", v):
+            errors.append("至少包含一个小写字母")
+
+        if settings.password_require_digit and not re.search(r"\d", v):
+            errors.append("至少包含一个数字")
+
+        if settings.password_require_special and not re.search(r"[!@#$%^&*(),.?\":{}|<>]", v):
+            errors.append("至少包含一个特殊字符")
+
+        if errors:
+            raise ValueError("密码强度不足：" + "；".join(errors))
+
+        return v
+
+
+class UserUpdate(BaseSchema):
+    """用户信息更新请求"""
+
+    nickname: Annotated[
+        str | None,
+        Field(
+            default=None,
+            max_length=64,
+            description="昵称",
+        ),
+    ]
+    email: Annotated[
+        EmailStr | None,
+        Field(
+            default=None,
+            description="邮箱地址",
+        ),
+    ]
+    avatar_url: Annotated[
+        str | None,
+        Field(
+            default=None,
+            max_length=512,
+            description="头像 URL",
+        ),
+    ]
+    bio: Annotated[
+        str | None,
+        Field(
+            default=None,
+            max_length=500,
+            description="个人简介",
+        ),
+    ]
+
+
+class UserResponse(BaseSchema):
+    """用户信息响应"""
+
+    id: str
+    username: str
+    email: str | None
+    nickname: str | None
+    avatar_url: str | None
+    bio: str | None
+    is_active: bool
+    created_at: datetime
+    last_login_at: datetime | None
+
+
+class UserProfileResponse(BaseSchema):
+    """用户公开资料响应（不包含敏感信息）"""
+
+    id: str
+    username: str
+    nickname: str | None
+    avatar_url: str | None
+    bio: str | None
+    created_at: datetime
+