""" 2048游戏引擎 根据论文要求重新设计的2048游戏引擎，包括： 1. 正确的累积分数计算 2. 棋盘压缩和规范化 3. 支持任意大小的矩形棋盘 4. 与训练数据模块集成 5. 高效的游戏状态管理 """ import numpy as np import random from typing import Tuple, List, Optional, Dict from dataclasses import dataclass from training_data import BoardTransform, ScoreCalculator @dataclass class GameState: """游戏状态数据结构""" board: np.ndarray # 棋盘状态（对数形式） score: int # 当前累积分数 moves: int # 移动次数 is_over: bool # 游戏是否结束 canonical_hash: str # 规范化哈希值 class Game2048: """ 2048游戏引擎 特点： - 使用对数表示（空位=0, 2=1, 4=2, 8=3, ...） - 正确的累积分数计算 - 支持任意大小的矩形棋盘 - 棋盘压缩和规范化 - 与训练数据模块集成 """ def __init__(self, height: int = 4, width: int = 4, spawn_prob_4: float = 0.1, seed: Optional[int] = None): """ 初始化游戏 Args: height: 棋盘高度 width: 棋盘宽度 spawn_prob_4: 生成4的概率（否则生成2） seed: 随机种子 """ self.height = height self.width = width self.spawn_prob_4 = spawn_prob_4 if seed is not None: random.seed(seed) np.random.seed(seed) # 初始化棋盘（对数形式） self.board = np.zeros((height, width), dtype=np.int32) self.score = 0 self.moves = 0 self.is_over = False # 工具类 self.transform = BoardTransform() self.score_calc = ScoreCalculator() # 生成初始数字 self._spawn_tile() self._spawn_tile() def reset(self) -> GameState: """重置游戏到初始状态""" self.board = np.zeros((self.height, self.width), dtype=np.int32) self.score = 0 self.moves = 0 self.is_over = False self._spawn_tile() self._spawn_tile() return self.get_state() def get_state(self) -> GameState: """获取当前游戏状态""" canonical_hash = self.transform.compute_hash(self.board) return GameState( board=self.board.copy(), score=self.score, moves=self.moves, is_over=self.is_over, canonical_hash=canonical_hash ) def set_state(self, state: GameState) -> None: """设置游戏状态""" self.board = state.board.copy() self.score = state.score self.moves = state.moves self.is_over = state.is_over def _spawn_tile(self) -> bool: """ 在随机空位生成新数字 Returns: 是否成功生成（False表示棋盘已满） """ empty_positions = list(zip(*np.where(self.board == 0))) if not empty_positions: return False # 随机选择空位 pos = random.choice(empty_positions) # 根据概率生成2或4（对数形式为1或2） if random.random() < self.spawn_prob_4: self.board[pos] = 2 # 4 = 2^2 else: self.board[pos] = 1 # 2 = 2^1 return True def get_empty_positions(self) -> List[Tuple[int, int]]: """获取所有空位置""" return list(zip(*np.where(self.board == 0))) def is_full(self) -> bool: """检查棋盘是否已满""" return len(self.get_empty_positions()) == 0 def copy(self) -> 'Game2048': """创建游戏副本""" new_game = Game2048(self.height, self.width, self.spawn_prob_4) new_game.board = self.board.copy() new_game.score = self.score new_game.moves = self.moves new_game.is_over = self.is_over return new_game def _move_row_left(self, row: np.ndarray) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, int]: """ 将一行向左移动和合并 Args: row: 输入行 Returns: (新行, 本次移动获得的分数) """ # 移除零元素 non_zero = row[row != 0] if len(non_zero) == 0: return row, 0 # 合并相邻的相同元素 merged = [] score_gained = 0 i = 0 while i < len(non_zero): if i < len(non_zero) - 1 and non_zero[i] == non_zero[i + 1]: # 合并 new_value = non_zero[i] + 1 merged.append(new_value) # 计算分数增量（根据论文公式） tile_value = 2 ** new_value score_gained += tile_value i += 2 # 跳过下一个元素 else: merged.append(non_zero[i]) i += 1 # 补充零元素 result = np.zeros(len(row), dtype=np.int32) result[:len(merged)] = merged return result, score_gained def move(self, direction: int) -> bool: """ 执行移动操作 Args: direction: 移动方向 (0:上, 1:下, 2:左, 3:右) Returns: 是否成功移动 """ if self.is_over: return False before = self.board.copy() total_score_gained = 0 # 根据方向旋转棋盘，统一处理为向左移动 if direction == 0: # 上 rotated = np.rot90(self.board, k=1) elif direction == 1: # 下 rotated = np.rot90(self.board, k=-1) elif direction == 2: # 左 rotated = self.board else: # 右 rotated = np.rot90(self.board, k=2) # 对每一行执行向左移动 new_board = np.zeros_like(rotated) for i in range(rotated.shape[0]): new_row, score_gained = self._move_row_left(rotated[i]) new_board[i] = new_row total_score_gained += score_gained # 旋转回原方向 if direction == 0: # 上 self.board = np.rot90(new_board, k=-1) elif direction == 1: # 下 self.board = np.rot90(new_board, k=1) elif direction == 2: # 左 self.board = new_board else: # 右 self.board = np.rot90(new_board, k=-2) # 检查是否有变化 if np.array_equal(before, self.board): return False # 更新分数和移动次数 self.score += total_score_gained self.moves += 1 # 生成新数字 if not self._spawn_tile(): # 如果无法生成新数字，检查游戏是否结束 self._check_game_over() return True def _check_game_over(self) -> None: """检查游戏是否结束""" # 如果有空位，游戏未结束 if not self.is_full(): return # 检查是否还能移动 for direction in range(4): test_game = self.copy() if test_game._can_move(direction): return # 无法移动，游戏结束 self.is_over = True def _can_move(self, direction: int) -> bool: """检查指定方向是否可以移动（不实际执行移动）""" # 优化：直接检查而不创建副本 if direction == 2: # 左 board = self.board elif direction == 3: # 右 board = np.fliplr(self.board) elif direction == 0: # 上 board = self.board.T else: # 下 board = np.flipud(self.board.T) # 快速检查：对每一行，看是否有空位可以移动或相邻相同数字可以合并 for row in board: # 检查是否有空位可以移动 non_zero = row[row != 0] if len(non_zero) < len(row) and len(non_zero) > 0: return True # 检查是否有相邻相同数字可以合并 for j in range(len(non_zero) - 1): if non_zero[j] == non_zero[j + 1] and non_zero[j] != 0: return True return False def get_valid_moves(self) -> List[int]: """获取所有有效的移动方向""" if self.is_over: return [] # 缓存有效移动以避免重复计算 if not hasattr(self, '_cached_valid_moves') or self._cache_board_hash != hash(self.board.tobytes()): valid_moves = [] for direction in range(4): if self._can_move(direction): valid_moves.append(direction) self._cached_valid_moves = valid_moves self._cache_board_hash = hash(self.board.tobytes()) return self._cached_valid_moves def get_board_display(self) -> np.ndarray: """获取用于显示的棋盘（原始数值形式）""" return self.transform.inverse_log_transform(self.board) def calculate_total_score(self) -> int: """计算棋盘的总累积分数""" return self.score_calc.calculate_board_score(self.board) def get_max_tile(self) -> int: """获取棋盘上的最大数字""" max_log = np.max(self.board) return 2 ** max_log if max_log > 0 else 0 def __str__(self) -> str: """字符串表示""" display_board = self.get_board_display() result = f"Score: {self.score}, Moves: {self.moves}, Max: {self.get_max_tile()}\n" result += "+" + "-" * (self.width * 6 - 1) + "+\n" for row in display_board: result += "|" for cell in row: if cell == 0: result += f"{'':^5}|" else: result += f"{cell:^5}|" result += "\n" result += "+" + "-" * (self.width * 6 - 1) + "+" return result def demo_game(): """演示游戏功能""" print("2048游戏引擎演示") print("=" * 50) # 创建3x3的小棋盘用于演示 game = Game2048(height=3, width=3, seed=42) print("初始状态:") print(game) print(f"规范哈希: {game.get_state().canonical_hash}") # 执行一些移动 moves = [2, 0, 1, 3] # 左、上、下、右 move_names = ["左", "上", "下", "右"] for i, (move, name) in enumerate(zip(moves, move_names)): print(f"\n第{i+1}步: 向{name}移动") if game.move(move): print("移动成功!") print(game) print(f"有效移动: {[move_names[m] for m in game.get_valid_moves()]}") else: print("无法移动!") if game.is_over: print("游戏结束!") break print(f"\n最终分数: {game.score}") print(f"累积分数: {game.calculate_total_score()}") print(f"最大数字: {game.get_max_tile()}") if __name__ == "__main__": demo_game()